Landscape water usually refers to the water used for visual viewing, usually divided into two categories: one is the natural water features, like natural lakes, rivers, etc .; the other is artificial water features, such as fountains, artificial lakes, urban small rivers, etc. Is open-air surface water, self-purification capacity is very low, and very easy to be con***inated. The landscape water generally includes ponds, artificial lakes and small rivers that flow through the city, etc. Landscape water management should be tailored to local conditions and comprehensively managed Commonly used methods include physical, biological, and ecological methods. Assuming no sewage discharge, landscape water mainly faces the following major pollution factors:1. Surface and soil organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus elements brought by surface runoff from rainwater (Surface water pollution is equivalent to domestic sewage);2. Atmospheric dust brought by foreign organisms and nitrogen and phosphorus elements;3. Lake itself continuously derived from the death of biological communities accumulated organic matter;4. Sun exposure in summer caused a large number of blue-green algae outbreak.Landscape water treatment is a new industry, the real demand is only the last few years, the market is relatively small. Lack of professional governance companies and researchers is a chronic illness in this area, and the Lamella Clarifier is an effective way of harnessing landscape water.

Municipal wastewater quality is relatively stable, but it is muddy, deep and stench, slightly alkaline, has a high content of nitrogen and phosphorus, generally contains no toxic substances, and domestic sewage is suitable for the multiplication of various microorganisms. Therefore, it often contains a large amount of bacteria (including pathogenic bacteria) And parasite eggs, such sewage biodegradability is good, are relatively easy to deal with the sewage.Municipal wastewater treatment water is a water quality with large changes in water quality and very difficult to handle. The concentrations of total dissolved solids, COD, BOD, all-silicon, ammonia and some other pollutants vary very frequently. Together with the sewage before treatment Contains high concentrations of organic matter, microorganisms, etc. Therefore, any product designed to process the water must tolerate this variability and contain high concentrations of organic and living organisms.

Slaughterhouse waste water from the circle bar washing, washing, slaughtering and other plant floor flushing, scalding, anatomy, non-staple food processing, washing oil and so on. Wastewater in the main blood containing liquid, fat, minced meat, bone residue, hair and feces, etc., the water was brown, with a strong stench. High content of organic suspended matter, perishable, discharged into the water will consume dissolved oxygen in water, destroy ecosystems, pollute the environment.In addition, it differs from other high-concentration organic wastewater in that it has a high concentration of NH3-N (about 120mg / l). Therefore, the impact of NH3-N on wastewater treatment should be fully considered in process design. With a large amount of water, uneven drainage, high concentration, impurities and suspended solids and more biodegradability and so on. At the same time, the biggest difference compared to other high-concentration organic wastewater is its high NH3-N concentration (about 120 mg / l).

Papermaking wastewater is very harmful, black liquor is the most harmful, and the pollutants it contains account for more than 90% of the total emissions of paper industry pollution. Due to its large alkalinity, dark color, heavy smell and foam, And consume a large amount of dissolved oxygen in water, seriously pollute the water and bring harm to the environment and human health. The middle of the water pollution of the environment is the most serious bleach generated in the process of chlorine-containing wastewater, such as chlorinated bleach wastewater, hypochlorite bleach wastewater. In addition, the bleaching waste liquid contains dioxin, a highly toxic carcinogen, and poses a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health.In the paper industry wastewater, in addition to containing harmful chemical minerals, but also contains volatile phenol, precipitated solids, suspended solids, lignin and other organic matter. Such substances with the sewage into the water, in the process of microbial decomposition of them, you need to consume dissolved oxygen in water, reducing the oxygen content of water, thus affecting the growth of fish and other organisms. When the dissolved oxygen in the water is exhausted, the organic matter in the water is anaerobically digested to generate methane, hydrogen sulfide, etc. to make the water smell and endanger the living of aquatic organisms, causing the death of a large number of aquatic organisms and damaging the ecological balance. [2]Such wastewater is extremely harmful to the human body and contains some heavy metal elements such as lead. The used chemicals will not lose their efficacy and will still cause great harm to people and the environment. If the paper mill is opened near the river, the paper Factory waste water will be discharged to the treated water but the impact on people or the environment is small, for us, no one wants to drink con***inated water, so in the construction of the mill or some chemical plant Avoid building things in the vicinity.Poor growth and development of fruit trees, flowering fruit less, real poor quality without nutrients, water pollution also cause direct economic losses and victims. This will also cause a series of problems.

With the development of pharmaceutical industry, pharmaceutical wastewater has gradually become one of the important sources of pollution. Due to the complex composition of pharmaceutical wastewater, high organic content, high toxicity, high color depth and high salt content, especially poor biodegradability and intermittent discharge It's hard to deal with. This article analyzes the water quality characteristics of pharmaceutical production wastewater, and introduces the treatment methods commonly used in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment at home and abroad in recent years. Described in detail the pharmaceutical industry wastewater treatment technology.The production process of chemical medicine includes the production of raw material medicine and the production of pharmaceutical preparations, and the raw material medicine is obtained through separation and purification by chemical synthesis process and medicinal plants. The production process has the characteristics of: the production process is long, the process is complex; raw and auxiliary materials and more types of intermediate and product quality standards of the production process, strict control of raw materials and intermediates quality; lower net material yield, More than three wastes. Wastewater produced by chemical pharmaceutical enterprises in industrial production is one of the most polluting and difficult-to-handle industrial wastes in our country. It has high contents of organic matter and inorganic salts, low and fluctuating BOD5 and CODcr, poor biodegradability and intermittent discharge , Large fluctuations in water and other characteristics.

Drilling wastewater generated during oil and gas drilling process is affected by factors such as drilling fluid treatment agent and production process, and has the advantages of high pollutant concentration, complex components, high chroma, high suspended matter content, high stability, poor biodegradability and Wide range of features. At present, the treatment of drilling wastewater mainly uses the physical, chemical and biological methods, but these methods have the disadvantages of limited treatment effect and high cost, and can not achieve satisfactory treatment effects. Therefore, the development of efficient and environment-friendly drilling wastewater treatment technology has become a frontier issue that is of great concern both at home and abroad.Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation, also known as heterogeneous catalytic ozonation, is a new type of advanced oxidation technology with strong competitiveness developed in recent years. The method is characterized in that metal or metal oxide (Cu / Al2O3, Fe2O3 / Al2O3, Ru / CeO2, VO / silica gel and TiO2 / Al2O3 etc.) supported on a carrier by using solid catalyst such as metal oxide (MnO2, ) And multi-metal doping modified catalysts accelerate the oxidation reaction of liquid phase or gas phase at normal temperature and pressure to improve the ozone decomposing ability, and generate a series of highly active and strongly oxidizing intermediate species such as · OH or ozone-decomposable Complex, thus enhancing the ozone oxidation of organic matter. Compared with the homogeneous catalytic ozonation, heterogeneous catalytic ozonation has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, no selectivity, strong mineralization, good treatment effect, low cost, less energy consumption, simple operation, wide application range and no secondary pollution Etc.In recent years, significant progress has been made in the research on the purification of refractory organic pollutants in water by heterogeneous catalytic ozonation. The key is to obtain an efficient, cheap and harmless catalyst. In this study, nano-TiO2 was loaded by modified sol-gel method using porous Al2O3 with high specific surface area, high mechanical strength, strong adhesion with active material and not easy to peel off. The TiO2 / Al2O3 multiphase catalyst The effects of catalyst dosage, ozone concentration, pH and reaction time on the treatment efficiency of the system were investigated. The results showed that the O3 / TiO2 / Al2O3 system of the best process parameters, with a view to the future realization of this technology to deal with drilling wastewater to provide a basis for industrialization.

Fermentation refers to the process by which microorganisms themselves, or metabolites or secondary metabolites, are directly prepared by the life activities of microorganisms under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Fermentation is sometimes also written as fermented yeast, the definition of which varies from application to application. Commonly referred to as fermentation, mostly organisms for some decomposition of organic matter. Fermentation is a biochemical reaction that humans earlier exposed to and is now widely used in the food industry, biology and chemical industry. It is also the basic process of bioengineering, that is, fermentation engineering. Research on its mechanism and process control continues.

Landfill leachate is derived from landfill garbage itself contains water, into the landfill of the snow and snow and other water, after deducting the garbage, covered soil saturated water holding capacity, and through the garbage layer and soil cover formed A high concentration of organic wastewater.The nature of landfill leachate changes with landfill uptime, mainly due to the stabilization of refuse in the landfill. Landfill stabilization processes are generally divided into five phases, namely Initial adjustment phase, Transition phase, Acid phase, Methane fermentation phase and Mature phase.1. the initial stage of regulation: garbage fill the landfill, landfill stabilization phase that is entered the initial phase of regulation. During this phase, the readily degradable components of the trash quickly react aerobically with the oxygen entrained in the trash, generating carbon dioxide (CO2) and water, while releasing some of the heat.2. the transitional phase: During this phase, the oxygen in the landfill is exhausted, and the anaerobic conditions begin to form in the landfill site. The degradation of the garbage changes from aerobic degradation to facultative anaerobic degradation. Nitrates and sulphates in the refuse were reduced to nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S), respectively, and leachate pH began to decrease at this stage.3. acidification stage: When the landfill continued to produce hydrogen (H2), means that the landfill stabilized into the acidification stage. At this stage, the microorganisms that play a major role in the degradation of garbage are facultative and obligate anaerobic bacteria. The main components of landfill gas are carbon dioxide (CO2), leachate COD, VFA and metal ion concentration continue to rise to the maximum in the middle period, Then gradually decreased; PH continued to decline to reach the minimum, then gradually increased.4. Methane fermentation stage: When the H2 content in the landfill decreases to the lowest point, the landfill enters the methane fermentation stage. At this time, the methanogenic bacteria convert the organic acids and H2 into methane. Organic matter concentration, metal ion concentration and conductivity are rapidly decreased, BOD / COD decreased biodegradability, while PH value began to rise.5. the mature stage: When the landfill was biodegradable biodegradable components basically finished, the landfill into the mature stage. At this stage, most of the nutrients in the trash have been removed with the leachate, and only a few microorganisms can degrade some of the refractory substances in the trash. At this time, the pH is maintained at a slightly alkaline condition, and the biodegradability of the leachate further decreases. The BOD / COD Will be less than 0.1. But the leachate concentration is already low.

polycrystalline silicon and polycrystalline wastewater 

Textile printing and dyeing wastewater is mainly raw materials, cooking, rinsing, bleaching, sizing and other processes generated by the natural impurities, fat and starch and other organic wastewater. Printing and dyeing wastewater is produced in many processes such as dyeing, printing and sizing, and contains a large amount of organic substances such as dyes, starch, cellulose, lignin and detergents, as well as inorganic substances such as alkali, sulfide and various salts, Very strong.The main source of textile printing and dyeing industrial wastewater is printing and dyeing wastewater. Printing and dyeing wastewater is the waste water discharged from the printing and dyeing factory that mainly processes cotton, hemp, chemical fiber and blended products.Wastewater contains: dyes, slurries, additives, oil agents, acid and alkali, fiber impurities, sand substances, inorganic salts, the water quality characteristics are mainly COD and BOD high, and the resulting chroma and other indicators far Exceed the emission standards, is recognized as one of the most difficult to control the major hazardous waste water.

River siltation has increasingly affected flood control, drainage, irrigation, water supply, navigation and other functions of the normal play, in order to restore the normal function of the river to promote rapid economic and social development, the river dredging dredging project. By deepening and widening the watercourse through the river, the river became clear, the production conditions and living conditions of the masses have been significantly improved, and the target of "water clear, river smooth, shore green and beautiful scenery" has been achieved.

Pure water after use changed the original physical or chemical properties, has become a waste water containing different types of impurities. Chemical wastewater is the process waste water, cooling water, exhaust gas washing water, equipment and site flushing water discharged from chemical production. If these wastewater is discharged without treatment, it will cause different types of water bodies and different levels of pollution, thus endangering human health and affecting industrial and agricultural production.

Machined a variety of metal products discharged from the waste and flushing wastewater, but also contains a variety of metal ions such as chromium, zinc and cyanide, etc. They are highly toxic. Electroplating wastewater involves a wide range, and pollution, is one of the key control of industrial wastewater.Machining process has coolant, organic cleaning fluid, spray paint wastewater, spark discharge and other wastewater. Although the amount of these wastewater is very small but the concentration of organic matter is very high, the CODCr of the coolant is as high as 50000 ~ 300000mg / L, and the direct discharge without treatment will cause serious pollution to the environment. There are bottlenecks in the domestic treatment of high-concentration wastewater for mechanical processing, and many combined treatment processes can successfully reduce its CODCr to thousands of mg / L, but it is very difficult to further improve the treatment efficiency. China's high concentration of mechanical processing emissions, emulsified oil wastewater has not been well handled. The main reason is that with the continuous improvement of technology, the stability of emulsion is getting higher and higher, demulsification is becoming more and more difficult. The composition of such wastewater is complex, with poor biodegradability and certain toxicity. The main treatment of such waste using physical and chemical methods, such as chemical oxidation and decomposition, pharmaceutical electrolysis, activated carbon adsorption and reverse osmosis and other processing techniques.Widely used at home and abroad efficient machining. The method has the advantages of low cost, simple processing technique and equipment, convenient operation, small equipment maintenance, low energy consumption, stable operation and treatment effect, good decoloring effect, thorough decomposition of organic matters, Emulsion treatment are all applicable to the advantages of being widely used. The project uses Fenton reagent chemical oxidation decomposition of waste emulsion (waste coolant and other wastewater).All kinds of wastewater are dispersed systems with water as the dispersion medium. According to different disperse phase particle size, the wastewater can be divided into two categories: dispersed phase particle size of 0.1 ~ 1nm called the true solution; dispersed phase particle size between 1 ~ 100nm called colloidal solution; dispersed phase particle size greater than 100nm known as the suspension . Wherein the particle size of 100 μ m or more of the suspension can be precipitated or filtered, and the particle size in the range of 1nm ~ 100μ m partial suspension and colloidal solution can be coagulation treatment.

Food and beverage industry wastewater treatment involves starch, sugar, beverages, canned food, meat, aquatic products, wine, rice products, dairy products, soy products, fermented spices and other major industries.The main features of food and beverage wastewater:1. Wastewater quality and quantity of water changes with the seasons2. Biodegradable ingredients are more natural organic substances, non-toxic substances, good biodegradability3. Wastewater contains a variety of microorganisms, including pathogenic microorganisms, perishable sewage stink4. High concentrations of waste water5. Wastewater nitrogen, phosphorus content is more highThe main sources of food and beverage wastewater and pollutants:Material cleaning section: sand debris, leaves, skin, scales, meat, feathers and other suspended impuritiesProduction section: organic matterForming section: food additives and other chemical ingredients